很多同學都會在準備時，碰觸到一個觀念：「就近指代」
——代名詞優先指代最接近的對象。
然而，很不幸的，這個原則是錯的。
我們現在先來看下面這個正確句子：
The Wallerstein study indicates that even after a decade young men and women still experience some of the effects of a divorce that occurred when they were children.
在這個句子裡，they代替的對象是誰？
我們現在先來看下面這個正確句子：
The Wallerstein study indicates that even after a decade young men and women still experience some of the effects of a divorce that occurred when they were children.
在這個句子裡，they代替的對象是誰？
如果按「就近指代」原則來看，指代到的應該是最接近的複數名詞effects，
然而，再代回來看，effects were children合理嗎？顯然是不合理。
所以很多人看到這一點就覺得「指代錯誤，不符就近指代原則」而刪去了。
但很可惜，這是一個正確句子。
其實，正確的尋找指代原則是優先尋找文法上與代名詞位置相同的詞。
其實，正確的尋找指代原則是優先尋找文法上與代名詞位置相同的詞。
比如這句的they位於主詞，我們就要優先去尋找本句其他位於主詞的名詞：
Wallerstein study
effects of a divorce
young men and women
再來，留下「數量一致」的：
effects of a divorce
young men and women
最後，一一代回代名詞所在的成分，判斷句意邏輯是否合理：
effects of a divorce were children（不合理）
Young men and women were children（合理）
此句的they便是有所指代，指代對象為young men and women。
Wallerstein study
effects of a divorce
young men and women
再來，留下「數量一致」的：
effects of a divorce
young men and women
最後，一一代回代名詞所在的成分，判斷句意邏輯是否合理：
effects of a divorce were children（不合理）
Young men and women were children（合理）
此句的they便是有所指代，指代對象為young men and women。
