2015年8月16日 星期日

SC進階:從OG2016新題看「句意斷裂」

原文發表於Dustin部落格:http://dustingmat.blogspot.tw/2015/07/scog2016.html

「句意斷裂」是SC句意的大考點之一。所謂「句意斷裂」,係指由「子句」改寫成「名詞」後綴「修飾語」,但該名詞並不能表達整個子句的核心概念。

Dustin舉例說明:若想表達「大象長壽的迷思...」

a. The myth that elephants live longer…(用that子句作同位語解說myth內容,句意表達正確)

b. The myth of elephants living longer…

c. The myth of elephants which live longer…(介係詞of只能夠接到名詞elephants,但elephants並
    非迷思的內容核心概念,句意變成「大象的迷思…」,句意斷裂)

d. The myth of longevity of elephants…
(用能表達迷思核心的「長壽(longevity)」,句意表達正確)

以下,將以OG2016新題,來看「句意斷裂」都怎麼考。


7. From an experiment using special extrasensory perception cards, each bearing one of a set of symbols, parapsychologist Joseph Banks Rhine claimed statistical proof for subjects who could use thought transference to identify a card in the dealer’s hand.

(A) for subjects who could use thought transference to identify a card in the dealer’s hand 
    (句意斷裂,變成「證明實驗對象」)

(B) for a card in the dealer’s hand to be identified by subjects with thought transference
   (句意斷裂,變成「證明一張卡片」)

(D) that subjects could identify a card in the dealer’s hand by using thought transference
   (句意完整,that子句作proof的同位語,說明proff的完整內容)


73. Researchers studying the brain scans of volunteers who pondered ethical dilemmas have found that the basis for making tough moral judgments is emotion, not logic or analytical reasoning.

(A) the brain scans of volunteers who pondered ethical dilemmas have found that the basis for  
       making tough moral judgments is(正確,用that子句表達完整的發現內容)

(B) the brain scans of volunteers who pondered ethical dilemmas and found the basis to make tough 
      moral decisions to be句意斷裂,變成「發現做出道德決策的基礎」卻沒有辦法接到「是  
      情緒,而不是邏輯或分析推理」)


136. A ruined structure found at Aqaba, Jordan, was probably a church, as indicated in its eastward orientation and by its overall plan, as well as artifacts, such as glass oil-lamp fragments, found at the site.

(B) A ruined structure found at Aqaba, Jordan, once probably being a church, was indicated by its 
      eastward orientation, overall plan, and(句意斷裂,變成A ruined structure...is indicated,物品   
      不能被指出,只有事情、敘述才能被指出)

(E) That a ruined structure found at Aqaba, Jordan, was probably a church is indicated by its eastward 
      orientation and overall plan, as well as by the(句意正確,indicate的受詞應該是事實或推論)